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Bacteriology

Protective Efficacy of 49.8 kDa Pili Protein Epitopes of Shigella flexneri Against Bacterial Infection in Enterocytes

Khoirul Anam Study Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Institute of Health and Science Technology Wiyata Husada, Samarinda, Indonesia, Indonesia Correspondence khoirulanam@itkeswhs.ac.id
,
Siti Raudah Study Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Institute of Health and Science Technology Wiyata Husada, Samarinda, Indonesia, Indonesia Correspondence khoirulanam@itkeswhs.ac.id
,
Muhammad Fahmi Aminuddin Study Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Institute of Health and Science Technology Wiyata Husada, Samarinda, Indonesia, Indonesia Correspondence khoirulanam@itkeswhs.ac.id
,
Yuliati Study Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Institute of Health and Science Technology Wiyata Husada, Samarinda, Indonesia, Indonesia Correspondence khoirulanam@itkeswhs.ac.id
,
Agustina Tri Endharti Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia Correspondence khoirulanam@itkeswhs.ac.id
,
Sumarno Reto Prawiro Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia Correspondence khoirulanam@itkeswhs.ac.id
Pages 180-187
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Abstract

Shigella flexneri remains an important cause of invasive diarrheal disease, and adhesin-associated pili proteins are relevant targets for mucosal vaccine exploration. Objective: This study evaluated whether immunodominant epitopes derived from the 49.8 kDa pili protein of S. flexneri could provide protective activity against bacterial infection in an enterocyte-associated experimental model. Thirty male Balb/C mice were assigned to six groups: negative control, positive control, cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) only, CTB plus pep_1, CTB plus pep_2, and CTB plus pep_3. The three peptides were characterized in silico for antigenicity, human sequence similarity, allergenicity, and toxicity. Protective activity was assessed by intestinal fluid accumulation and bacterial colony growth on Salmonella-Shigella Agar. All three epitopes were predicted to be antigenic, non-toxic, non-allergenic, and dissimilar to human receptor sequences. Intestinal fluid accumulation varied among groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.647). Bacterial colony counts differed significantly among groups (P = 0.011), with peptide-treated groups showing reduced colony growth compared with the positive control pattern. The 49.8 kDa pili protein epitopes, particularly pep_3 (ATLGATLNRLDFNVNNK) combined with CTB, showed preliminary protective potential by inhibiting S. flexneri bacterial colonization, although the intestinal fluid endpoint was not statistically significant.

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How to Cite This

Anam, K., Siti Raudah, Muhammad Fahmi Aminuddin, Yuliati, Agustina Tri Endharti, & Sumarno Reto Prawiro. (2026). Protective Efficacy of 49.8 kDa Pili Protein Epitopes of Shigella flexneri Against Bacterial Infection in Enterocytes. Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium, 15(2), 180–187. https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v15i2.485

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All data generated during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].